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Change notes:
2021/08/19: Changed the description of the typology expression as the configuration “file” of the typology to the typology configuration.
2021/08/19: Added a requirement for interdiction out of the typology processor.
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Introduction
The foundation of the Actio Transaction Monitoring service is its ability to evaluate incoming transactions for financial crime risk through the execution of a number of conditional statements (rules) that are then combined into typologies that describe the nature of the financial crime that the system is trying to detect.
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Figure: Actio TMS Typology Processing Context
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For each typology identified as a beneficiary of the incoming rule result, the Typology Processor must again interrogate the Network Sub-Map to determine which other rules have been invoked that also has this typology as a beneficiary. This step defines all of the constituent rules for which the typology expects results before it can calculate a score.
5.3.1 Fetch rule results
For each typology identified as a beneficiary of the incoming rule result, and using the list of constituent rules determined in 5.2, the Typology Processor must retrieve any previously cached rule results (if any) that had been received for the typology for the current transaction.
5.3.
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2. Check rule completion
For each typology identified as a beneficiary of the incoming rule result, and using the list of constituent rules determined in 5.2 and previously cached rule results (if any), the Typology Processor must check if all of the rule results specified in the Network Sub-map have now been received.
5.
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4. Append rule result
If all of the rule results specified in the Network Sub-map for a specific typology have not yet been received, the incoming rule result must be cached so that it can be retrieved at a future time when all of the rules had been received.
5.
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5. Read typology
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configuration
If all of the rule results specified in the Network Sub-map for a specific typology have been received, the Typology Processor must retrieve the typology expression configuration for the beneficiary typology so that the rule results can be combined into a typology score.
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The individual rule result scores, as a mapped to a weighted number based on the rule’s boolean outcome (TRUE or FALSE), is defined as part of the typology expressionconfiguration. Once mapped to a numerical value, the typology score is calculated as the sum of all rule result values.
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For example: In the following rule outcome table for rule 003:
Sub-rule ref | Outcome | Typology Score Value |
003.00 | Payee account dormancy = FALSE | 0 |
003.01 | Payee account dormancy 3 = TRUE | 33 |
003.02 | Payee account dormancy 6 = TRUE | 67 |
003.03 | Payee account dormancy 12 = TRUE | 100 |
003.04 | Payee account dormancy = FALSE | 0 |
In other words, if there had been no transfer requests from or to the account in 211 days (i.e. 003.02 = TRUE), the contribution of this rule (003) to the typology score would be 67 (can we call them rule points?)
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IF(078.outcome THEN 078.score)
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5.5.1. The Typology Configuration
The typology configuration contains two sections: the first (rules) defines all the rules and their outcomes, along with the weighted score attributed to each true or false outcome; the second (expression) defines the expression that combines the rule results into the typology score.
Example:
The archetypical scam typology (typology 28) contains 18 different rules that feed the typology. These rules are composed into the typology via the typology configuration as follows:
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{
"typology_name": "False promotions, phishing, or social engineering scams, such as fraudsters impersonating providers and advising customers they have won a prize in a promotion and to send money to the fraudster's number to claim the prize.",
"id": "028@1.0.0",
"cfg": "1.0.0",
"rules": [
{
"id": "003@1.1.0",
"cfg": "1.1.0",
"ref": ".01",
"true": "100",
"false": "0"
},
{
"id": "003@1.1.0",
"cfg": "1.1.0",
"ref": ".02",
"true": "100",
"false": "0"
},
{
"id": "003@1.1.0",
"cfg": "1.1.0",
"ref": ".03",
"true": "100",
"false": "0"
},
{
"id": "003@1.1.0",
"cfg": "1.1.0",
"ref": ".00",
"true": "100",
"false": "0"
},
.
.
.
{
"id": "084@1.0.0",
"cfg": "1.0.0",
"ref": ".00",
"true": "100",
"false": "0"
},
{
"id": "084@1.0.0",
"cfg": "1.0.0",
"ref": ".01",
"true": "100",
"false": "0"
}
],
"expression": {
"operator": "+",
"terms": [
{
"id": "003@1.1.0",
"cfg": "1.1.0"
},
.
.
.
{
"id": "084@1.0.0",
"cfg": "1.0.0"
}
]
}
} |
5.6. Calculate typology score
For each beneficiary typology with a complete set of rule results, and using the typology expression and the associated score values, the Typology Processor must calculate the typology score for the typology.
5.
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7. Submit typology results
Once calculation of the typology score is complete, the Typology Processor must pass the typology result, including the transaction information, Network Sub-map, typology results and rule results to the Channel Aggregation and Decisioning Processor.
5.8 A note on typology interdiction
It makes sense for the typology processor to be able to interdict a transaction directly, if the threshold for interdiction has been met. This trigger was initially intended to be processed by the CADProc and may still be added to the CADProc for interdiction triggers over an aggregated assessment over a number of typologies, but it is more efficient to let a typology trigger its own interdiction immediately on a threshold breach.
For a given typology, a specific threshold value must be linked to the typology for the following workflow outcomes:
Interdiction: If a typology score is equal to or greater than this value, the Typology Processor will trigger an interdiction workflow to instruct the client system to block the transaction.
Review: If a typology score is equal to or greater than this value, the Typology Processor will trigger an alert to the Case Management System to initiate an investigation into the transaction.
None: If a typology score is less than the Review threshold, no triggered action is taken by the Typology Processor.
The threshold for interdiction and investigation will be defined in the typology configuration.